Our latest work, published in Microbial Ecology, reveals how, over the past decade, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) has reshaped the epidemiology of wild lagomorphs in northeastern Spain through a dynamic process of recombination-driven evolution. Our study shows how successive recombinant variants rapidly replaced one another between 2014 and 2024: an early GI.3P–GI.2 strain appeared only transiently, was overtaken by GI.1bP–GI.2 until 2019, and was subsequently replaced by GI.4-related recombinants, which now dominate. These shifts suggest that changes in the virus’s non-structural genome may confer increased epidemiological fitness. Importantly, the same viral variants circulate across both rabbits and hares, indicating shared transmission dynamics and frequent spillover between species. Given the key ecological role of rabbits in Mediterranean ecosystems, these findings highlight not only the rapid adaptability of RNA viruses but also the critical need for long-term wildlife disease surveillance to anticipate and mitigate cascading ecological impacts.